Cellulitis in Surgery

 Siniša Franjić

Citation: Franjić S. Cellulitis in Surgery. Medp Case Rep Clin Image. 2022; 1(1): mpcrci–202212003.

Abstract 

   Cellulitis is a bacterial infection that spreads to the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Cellulitis can be caused by various bacteria, the most common being streptococcus. Streptococci spread rapidly and affect a wide area because they produce enzymes that prevent tissues from limiting infection. Staphylococci, another type of bacteria, can also cause cellulitis, but it is limited to a smaller area. Other bacteria cause cellulite after some types of injuries such as animal bites or skin injuries that occur in freshwater or seawater. 

Keywords: Cellulitis; Causes; Condition; Pathology; Infections

To Vape or Not to Vape? A Call for Governments Worldwide To Abolish Paper Cigarettes

 Suen Ayoade

Citation: Ayoade S. To Vape or Not to Vape? A Call for Governments Worldwide To Abolish Paper Cigarettes. Medp Case Rep Clin Image. 2022; 1(1): mpcrci–202212002.

Imagine if you travelled to a far off country. On the main highway you see horse drawn carriages, chariots and stagecoaches jostling for space with sleek Mercedes Benzes, BMWs and Toyotas. You would be very amazed. Then you would start trying to find answers for this anomaly. Perhaps you would inquire whether there was a law limiting the number of motor cars on the street. If you found out that there was no such law you might think those using horses were poor. Imagine if you asked a citizen of this country: “How much does a new motor car cost?” Imagine if he answered “50,000 Credits”. Then imagine if you asked him “how much is a new horse drawn chariot?” and he answered “50,000 Credits”. You would probably scratch your head and wonder why some opted to go by horse and others by the internal combustion engine. Imagine if you entered an electronics store in this same country and saw three TVs for sale. One is a 24 inched black and white with no remote control.

Educational Actions on the Frequent use of Psychotropic Drugs in Older Adults

Sandra Nuñez Mora, Maydell Pérez Inerarity, Yamila Roque Doval, Berta Lucrecia Yera Jaramillo

Citation: Mora SN. Educational Actions on the Frequent use of Psychotropic Drugs in Older Adults. Medp Case Rep Clin Image. 2022; 1(1): mpcrci–202212001.

Abstract

   Introduction: Older adults are the population group that consumes most medications and the most susceptible to adverse reactions from psychotropic drugs. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of a system of educational actions aimed to the frequent use of psychotropic drugs in older adults

  Methodological design: A community intervention study was carried out aimed at older adults who belong to the Family Medical Office # 22.25 in “Mariana Grajales” community, in Cifuentes municipality within the years 2019 and 2020. Theoretical methods were used: historical-logical, analysis-synthesis, inductive-deductive and systemic-structural; Empirical: documentary analysis and to assess the proposal, the criteria of specialists. In addition, mathematical-statistical methods were used.

  Results: The diagnosis made demonstrated the need for changes in the use of psychotropic drugs and information in the older adults studied, for which structured educational actions were designed in five themes: psychotropic drugs, risk factors and complications of psychoactive drug use, adverse reactions of psychotropic drugs, diet and healthy lifestyles and treatment of comorbidities. The proposal was valued by specialists as updated, contributing, transcendental and viable. 

  Conclusions: The educational actions were effective in reducing the use of psychotropic drugs in the investigated older adults, achieving an acquisition of knowledge in relation to this topic once implemented. 

  Key words: Psychoactive Drugs; Elderly; Associated Factors; Chronic Diseases; Self Medication.

Aesthetic Challenge in Ceramic Unit Laminate-Clinical Case Report

 Daniel Sartorelli Marques de Castro, Wagner Araújo de Negreiros, Jozely Francisca Mello Lima, Jaqueline Alves do Nascimento

Citation: Nascimento JAD. Aesthetic Challenge in Ceramic Unit Laminate-Clinical Case Report. Medp Case Rep Clin Image. 2022; 1(1): mpcrci–202211002.

Abstract 

   The current Restorative Dentistry has been trying to unite esthetic and conservative concepts. Thus, treatments with good long-term prognosis, preservation of dental structure and high aesthetic satisfaction of the patient are recommended. In this context, we highlight ceramic laminates, which cover part or all of the vestibular face of the anterior teeth, sometimes without requiring dental preparation or only with minimal wear. In addition to possessing qualities indispensable to a restoration, such as durability and possibility of strong adhesion to dental enamel, are the materials that most resemble the tooth, providing a natural and pleasing appearance. The objective of this work is to describe, through a case report, the challenges regarding the aesthetic aspects of a unitary ceramic laminate in the correction of a compromised central incisor. The authors conclude that through proper planning, proper execution of preparation, molding and cementation techniques, and especially allied to a professional ceramist of excellence, it is possible to restore the harmony of the smile and mimic the restorative treatment to adjacent natural teeth.

In Shortly about Electrical Injuries

Siniša Franjić

Citation: Franjić S. In Shortly about Electrical Injuries. Medp Case Rep Clin Image. 2022; 1(1): mpcrci–202211001.

Abstract 

   Electrical injury is damage that occurs when electricity passes through the body, causing tissue burns or internal organ dysfunction. Electrical power current passing through the body creates heat that can severely burn and destroy tissue. Electrical power can cause deep and sharply limited burns. Passages of current through the heart and through the brain can cause instant death due to cardiac arrest and damage to the breathing center in the brain. Strong muscle spasms caused by electricity can lead to muscle tears and bone fractures. The stiffness of the muscles can last for several minutes after the contact with the electricity which in the case of involvement of the breathing muscles leads to the cessation of breathing. A person who has caught a live wire with his hands will not be able to drop it due to a spasm of his hand muscles. Electrical injury can result from being struck by lightning or touching household electrical wires, downed power lines, or something that conducts electricity from a live electrical wire. The severity of the injury, which can be a mild burn or can cause death, depends on the type and strength of the current, the body’s resistance to the current at the point of entry, the path of the current through the body and the duration of contact with the current. 

Keywords: Electricity; Electrical Injury; Burns; Complications

Depressed Women and Household Food Security Status

 Zahra Mirzadehahari, Fatemeh Khorramrouz, Morteza Gohari, Mohammad Amin Senobari, 

Gity Sotoudeh, Maryam Khosravi

Citation: Khosravi M. Depressed Women and Household Food Security Status. Medp Nutr and Food Sci. 2022; 1(1): mpnfs-202210001.

Abstract

  Introduction: Household food insecurity (HFI) has become a major public health concern throughout the world. In addition, depression, as one of the main causes of disability, affects 350 million people worldwide. Given that both problems have a high prevalence, we investigated the relationship between depression and household food insecurity in this study. 

  Methods: In this case-control study, the status of food insecurity was compared between adult women with newly diagnosed major depression and healthy women in a 1-to-2 ratio. Major depression was diagnosed by a psychiatrist through a structured interview by diagnostic instrument DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder), food insecurity was evaluated using HFIAS (Household Food Insecurity Access Scale) and other general data were gathered by a researcher-made questionnaire. We used SPSS, version18 to analyze data. The differences between quantitative and qualitative variables were examined by the t-test, ANOVA, and χ2 tests, and determining the odds ratio for depression between different degrees of food insecurity was performed by logistic regression. 

  Results: We observed a positive significant relationship between major depression and food insecurity so that the risk of major depression was 3.34 times higher in the severe food insecurity group than in the food security group (P=0.029). This relationship remained significant after adjusting for the confounding factors, including physical activity, number of children, and marital status. 

  Conclusion: It was observed a high prevalence of food insecurity in major depressed Iranian women.  

  Keywords: Household Food Insecurity (HFI); Depression; Major Depression Disorder (MDD); Women, Food Security

 

Should Zoo Foods be Chopped or Should We ‘Lemur’ them Whole?

 Olivia Welsh, Marc Michael Sweeney and James Edward Brereton

Citation: Brereton JE. Should Zoo Foods be Chopped or Should We ‘Lemur’ them Whole? Medp Nutr Food Sci. 2022; 1(1): mpnfs–202211002.

Abstract 

  It remains common practice to chop the food of zoo-housed animals, even when the animals themselves are capable of processing larger food items. Zoo husbandry practices should be based on evidence, so there is a need to identify whether chopped food diets have any benefits for animals as opposed to whole items. Research was undertaken to investigate the effect of food condition (chopped or whole) for a bachelor group of ring-tailed lemurs Lemur catta. Lemur diets were prepared in both a chopped and whole format, with equal amounts of each ingredient being provided for each format. Both the chopped and the whole food were provided to the lemur group simultaneously, and the food intake, food preference, and behaviour of the lemurs was measured using instantaneous focal sampling. While lemurs ate slightly more whole food (161 grams) than chopped food (137 grams) per observation, this was not significant. Lemurs also tended to select whole food items more frequently, though this was also not significant. However, lemurs spent significantly longer feeding, and engaged more often in carrying behaviour, when selecting whole food items. No issues associated with aggression or stealing were observed. Overall, whole food items had beneficial effects in terms of lemur movement and feeding time. It is likely, therefore, that diets containing whole foods may have value in terms of lemur husbandry and management, encouraging more natural feeding strategies. This would have value in terms of saved keeper time, reduced nutrient breakdown of food, and reduced risks of contamination. Further studies on lemur food presentation could incorporate studies of food preference and food manipulation. 

  Keywords: Chopped Food; Food Presentation; Lemur Catta; Primate; Zoo

A Girl from Pakistan with atypical Autism:Expert Opinion and a Therapeutic Recommendation

Aamir Jalal Al-Mosawi

Citation: Al-Mosawi AJ. A Girl from Pakistan with atypical Autism: Expert Opinion and a Therapeutic Recommendation. Medp Psychiatry Behav Sci. 2022; 1(1): mppbs–202211004.

Abstract 

   Background: Autism disorders which are also known pervasive developmental disorders as are very complex and heterogeneous group of chronic disorders that marked by early impairment in socialization, communication, and behavior. Atypical autism associated with severe mental retardation is more likely to be associated with significant hyperactivity and behavioral abnormalities, and thus this association intensifies the therapeutic challenge of autism disorders. 

   Patients and methods: The case of a girl with atypical autism disorder associated with cognitive impairment is described, and expert opinion is presented. 

   Results: Early during October, 2022, the mother of 4 years and 10 months girl consulted us about the possible therapies for her girl who had the two major diagnostic features of autism (Poor response to own name and very poor eye contact. The girl was not interacting with anyone, and her speech was not developed. She also had repetitive movements mostly in the form of moving back and forth walk and some tapping of fingers with each other. Her motor development was acceptable, but she had poor understanding of commands and poor adaptive behaviors. The girl in this paper received the diagnosis of atypical autism with mental retardation, and was initially treated based on our extensive published experiences with treatment of autism disorders associated with cognitive impairment. 

   Conclusion: The current expert opinion suggests treatment of children with atypical autism associated with mental retardation represents a therapeutic challenge and demands the judicious uses of several therapies including intramuscular cerebrolysin, piracetam, neuroleptics, The addition of baclofen has been suggested in the treatment of atypical associated with marked hyperactivity. 

   Keywords: Atypical Autism; Mental Retardation; Expert Opinion.

Dimensions of Operational Stress in the Nigerian Navy: Selected Samples of Combatant, Artisan and Retired Naval Personnel in Nigeria

Damian D. Osa-Afiana

Citation: Osa-Afiana DD, Dimensions of Operational Stress in the Nigerian Navy: Selected Samples of Combatant, Artisan and Retired Naval Personnel in Nigeria. Medp Psychiatry Behav Sci. 2022; 1(1): mppbs–202211002.

Abstract

   This study examined dimensions of stress among sample of selected Nigerian Navy personnel in Lagos, Calabar, Jaji, in Kaduna Nigeria. The sample size of this study was one hundred and fifty (150) naval personnel who were randomly selected into three (3) groups of Serving Combatant Personnel (SCP); Serving Artisan Personnel (SAP) and Retired Mixed Personnel (RMP). Each group comprised fifty (n=50) participants, serving under different units in the Naval Command. Multistage random sampling was used for the selection and convenient sampling technique was used to select study participants. Instruments used to gather data were, Military Stress Inventory (MSI); Symptom Distress Checklist (SCL-90); Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Keane Scale (PKS); Organizational Frustration Scale (OFS), and the Death Anxiety Scale (DAS). The outcome of the One-Way Analysis of Variance and Scheffe tests indicate significant differences. In the dimensions of stress among naval personnel. It was recommended that policies the Nigerian Navy should invest more on psychological based coping techniques during training and deployment of naval personnel to as to integrate the requisite knowledge based on psychological principles into the core values of naval personnel in Nigeria. 

   Keywords: Stress Dimensions; Nigerian Navy; Post-Traumatic Stress 

Groundwater-Climatic changes Nexus and Food Security Challenges in Indus Basin of Pakistan

Ghulam Zakir-Hassan

Citation: Zakir-Hassan G. Groundwater-Climatic changes Nexus and Food Security Challenges in Indus Basin of Pakistan. Medp Nutr Food Sci. 2022; 1(1): mpnfs–202211001.

Extended abstract 

  Food, fiber and shelter are the basic human needs for their existence on the planet, while land, water and air are the essential natural resources to support the life. Pakistan is the 8th largest food producing country and ranks 5th in list of countries by population. Current population of Pakistan is 220 million with annual increasing rate of about 2% (Hassan et al., 2019; Qureshi, 2015). To feed this tremendously increasing population we need to grow more food for which both horizontal and vertical expansion of irrigated agriculture is imperative for Pakistan. An increase of 50% in food, 40% in energy and 30% in water is needed to by 2030 to feed the growing population and support the required economic development in both developed and developing countries (Yang et al., 2016). Agriculture in Indus River Basin (IRB) in Pakistan mainly depends on irrigation where 90% of food grains and almost 100% of cash crops (mainly fruits, vegetables, sugarcane, cotton and rice) are produced from irrigated lands (Ringler & Anwar, 2013). Even then, about forty seven percent of the population of Pakistan is food insecure as well as the access to food is uneven and malnutrition is widespread in the country (Hassan et al., 2017; Kirby et al., 2017). We -need to study the water-food-energy nexus and devise the new ways and means to meet the future challenges. (Yang et al., 2016). River Indus- 2900 km long- is the lifeline for economy of the country as its – along with five tributaries- supports livelihood and food security by providing about 171 km3 of water annually for irrigated agriculture in the basin (Ringler & Anwar, 2013). Schematic diagram of Indus Basin Irrigation System is shown in Figure 1.

Keywords: Food-Security; Irrigated-Agriculture; Groundwater; Punjab; Pakistan

 

STEMI in Immediate Recovery Period from COVID in Resource Limited Setting

Anusha Yanamadala

Citation: Yanamadala A. STEMI in Immediate Recovery Period from COVID in Resource Limited Setting. Medp Case Rep Clin Image. 2022; 1(1): mpcrci–202212004.

Background 

   Data on risk assessment for ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in the immediate recovery period from COVID is lacking. Possible various pathogenic mechanisms of myocardial injury from COVID include hypoxia, inflammation in vasculature, cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, cytokine storm, demand ischemia (1, 2). Here we are presenting a case of STEMI in the immediate recovery period from COVID with no prior history of coronary artery disease and no prior significant risk factors for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). 

Keywords: STEMI, COVID, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Acute Coronary Syndrome, Psychological Stress.

Core Self–Evaluations as Predicates of Clinical Decision Making in Selected Team of Perioperative Nurses in Ondo State, Nigeria

Dennis Uba Donald, Owoseni Sulaimon Kayode

Citation: Dennis UD & Owoseni SU. (2022). Core Self–Evaluations as Predicates of Clinical Decision Making in Selected Team of Perioperative Nurses in Ondo State, Nigeria. Medp Psychiatry Behav Sci. 2022; 1(1): mppbs–202210001.

Abstract 

  The study examined core self–evaluation as predicates of clinical decision making in selected sample of perioperative nurses in Ondo State Nigeria. Sixty–three (63) perioperative nurses from a Federal hospital in Ondo State, were selected using convenience sampling method. The Core Self–Evaluations Scale (CSES) The Clinical Decision–Making Survey (CDMS) were used in the study to measure the independent variables. The sample comprised of 35 (55.5%) male and 18 (28.5%) female nurses whose age ranged between 21 and 55 (M=32.56; SD=7.11). The result of the study revealed that clinical decision making was significantly and positively related to self–esteem [r (63) = .20, p < .01] and locus of control [r (63) = .18, p < .01]. The relationship between emotional stability and clinical decision making was positive [r (63) = .41, p < .00], such that clinical decision making is enhanced with an increase in emotional intelligence. A positive significant relationship was realized between self–efficacy and clinical decision making [r (63) = .21, p < .01], such that clinical decision making increases among perioperative nurses with increase in self efficacy. Based on the outcomes of this study, it is recommended that an all– inclusive, effective and functional healthcare support system that promotes the development and sustainability of core self–evaluative traits should be established by healthcare management board to replace the existing system. Also, it is recommended that during conscription and training of nurses in school of nursing, psychological courses should made be mandatory so as to indoctrinate the need personality structure in would–be nurses that predisposes them into making better clinical decision making in managed care professional healthcare practice. 

Keywords: Core self–evaluation; Clinical decision making perioperative nurses.